Business registers in Slovakia

Overview

Slovakia maintains a digitized approach to business registration, with the Commercial Register (Obchodný register) at its core. The system is managed by the Ministry of Justice and provides free public access to basic company information through an online portal.

The country has integrated beneficial ownership data into its commercial registry framework, though this information is not publicly accessible following recent EU data protection rulings. Slovakia was notably one of the first EU countries to implement a public register of beneficial ownership in 2015, initially for companies involved in public procurement, before extending obligations more broadly.

For KYB (Know Your Business) and AML (Anti-Money Laundering) purposes, Slovakia offers reliable access to company data and documents, though certain information require specific access rights.

Official Registers

Register právnických osôb, podnikateľov a orgánov verejnej moci (Register of Legal Entities, Entrepreneurs and Public Authorities)

Slovakia's statistics office maintains a unified access point to information about legal entities and sole traders in the country : https://rpo.statistics.sk/rpo/. The data is extracted from the respective registers listed below.

Obchodný register (Commercial Register)

The Obchodný register is Slovakia's official commercial register, maintained by the Ministry of Justice through eight regional registry courts (Bratislava, Trnava, Nitra, Trenčín, Žilina, Banská Bystrica, Prešov, and Košice). The register contains information on all registered business entities in Slovakia.

The online portal allows free searches by business name or identification number. Available information includes:

• Business name and identification number
• Registration number
• Registered seat (address)
• Legal form
• Decisions and corporate actions
• Share ownership details
• Information about owners and managers

Electronic extracts (výpis z obchodného registra) are available free of charge in electronic form with a qualified electronic seal, suitable for legal purposes. The registry databases are updated regularly, with the most recent updates tracked by court.

Beneficial ownership data is filed within the Commercial Register but stored in a non-public section. UBO information is not displayed on the public website, in the Commercial Gazette (Obchodný vestník), or in standard register extracts.

Živnostenský register (Trade Register)

Administered through district offices, the Trade Register handles business licenses for sole proprietors and entities conducting regulated business activities. Registration is managed through the slovensko.sk portal, the central government services platform. Data deom

Register účtovných závierok (Register of Financial Statements)

The Register of Financial Statements is operated by DataCentrum under the Ministry of Finance. It serves as the central repository for financial statements and related accounting documents filed by Slovak entities.

The register provides:

• Searchable database of accounting entities
• Access to financial statements and annual reports
• Browsing, saving, and verification functions

Basic company information is freely accessible, including VAT numbers, addresses, historical names, dates of creation, and employee counts. More detailed financial analysis may require paid access for advanced information.

Register partnerov verejného sektora (Register of Public Sector Partners)

This register maintains publicly accessible information about beneficial owners of entities that are partners of the public sector (involved in public procurement). Unlike general UBO data in the Commercial Register, information in this register remains publicly searchable for relevant entities.

Registration and publication requirements

Obligations for companies

All capital companies must register with the Commercial Register. This includes:

• Spoločnosť s ručením obmedzeným (s.r.o.) – Limited liability company
• Akciová spoločnosť (a.s.) – Joint-stock company
• Jednoduchá spoločnosť na akcie (j.s.a.) – Simple joint-stock company
• Verejná obchodná spoločnosť (v.o.s.) – General partnership
• Komanditná spoločnosť (k.s.) – Limited partnership

Upon registration, companies receive an electronic mailbox on the slovensko.sk portal. Legal representatives (executive directors) are obligated to communicate electronically with state authorities.

Financial statements must be filed within three months after the end of the financial year. The year-end financial statements must be submitted to the Register of Financial Statements within the deadline for filing the tax return. Late filing attracts penalties.

Audit requirements apply to business entities required to maintain issued capital (s.r.o., a.s., cooperatives) that meet at least two of the following criteria:

• Total gross assets exceeding €4 million
• Net turnover exceeding €8 million
• Average number of employees exceeding 50

UBO registration is mandatory for nearly all legal entities in the Commercial Register. Companies must file UBO data with the competent Registry Court. The UBO is typically a natural person owning or controlling at least 25% of the entity. Where no UBO can be identified, senior management members are registered as beneficial owners.

Obligations for sole proprietors

Sole proprietors (fyzická osoba – podnikateľ) are not required to register with the Commercial Register. Instead, they register with the Trade Register (Živnostenský register) to obtain a trade license (živnostenský list).

Requirements include:

• Completion of a registration application
• Selection of business activity category
• Payment of registration fee
• Obtaining a Tax Identification Number (DIČ)

Foreign nationals require a Slovak residence permit to register as sole proprietors.

Sole proprietors are not subject to mandatory financial statement filing with the Commercial Register, nor do UBO requirements apply to them as natural persons.

Obligations for associations and non-profits

Non-governmental non-profit organizations are registered in a separate Register mimovládnych neziskových organizácií maintained by the Ministry of Interior. This includes:

• Občianske združenia (civic associations)
• Nadácie (foundations)
• Neziskové organizácie poskytujúce všeobecne prospešné služby (non-profit organizations providing generally beneficial services)
• Neinvestičné fondy (non-investment funds)

Since January 2022, non-profit organizations must file accounting documents exclusively in electronic form with the Register of Financial Statements.

Summary table

With Topograph

Topograph provides streamlined access to Slovak company information through our API and web application.

Available Data

Company profile

• Legal name and business name
• Identification number (IČO) and registration number
• Registered seat (address)
• Legal form
• Registration status
• Share ownership information

Legal representatives

• Names of executives and managers
• Roles and positions

Available Documents

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